Creation of a unit block library of architectures for use in assembled scaffold engineering

Guided tissue regeneration is gaining importance in the field of orthopaedic tissue engineering as need and technology permits the development of site-specific engineering approaches. Computer Aided Design (CAD) and Finite Element Analysis (FEA) hybridized with manufacturing techniques such as Solid Freeform Fabrication (SFF), is hypothesized to allow for virtual design, characterization, and production of scaffolds optimized for tissue replacement. However, a design scope this broad is not often realized due to limitations in preparing scaffolds both for biological functionality and mechanical longevity. To aid scientists in fabrication of a successful scaffold, we propose characterization and documentation of a library of micro-architectures, capable of being seamlessly merged according to the mechanical properties (stiffness, strength), flow perfusion characteristics, and porosity, determined by the scientist based on application and anatomic location. The methodology is discussed in the sphere of bone regeneration, and examples of catalogued shapes are presented. Similar principles may apply for other organs as well. q 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.